Fluid-pressure



UNITE STATES,

PATENT. OFF CE, I

HENRY HERMAN WESTINGHOU E, or PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FLUlD-PRES S U RE i .OTOR.

spncrrxc'nrion forming part of Letters Patent No. 583,587, dated June 1, 189 7. Application filed IebruaryfS, 1896- Serial No. 577,773. (No model.)

Be i known that I, HENRY HERMAN \VEST- INGHOUSE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered a certain new and useful Improvement in- Fluid-Pressure Motor-s, of which improvement the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide means for efie'cting an independent exhaust of motive fluid from the cylinder of a fluid pressure motor and for controlling and limiting such exhaust of motive fluid; and to this end my invention consists in the combination, with a fluid-pressure motor provided with means for the admission of motive fluid to the cylinder,or with any of the usual distributionvalve devices, of an independent exhaustvalve device which is operated by the pressure in the cylinder for controlling the release of motive fluid therefrom through a passage ,or passages independent of the usual drainage or relief passages; and my invention further consists in certain combinations and features ofconstruction, all as hereinafter fully set forth.

' In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a centrallongitudinal section through the distribution-valve and main'cylinder of a fluidprcssure motor with myimprovement applied thereto, and Fig. 2 a similar section showing a part of the main cylinder and a modification 'of my improvement.

In the application of my invention I em- I ploy, in addition to the usual ports or passages for draining the cylinder, independent exhaust ports or passages for the escape of steam or other motive fluid from the main cylinder, which ports are opened by the action of the flu d which is beingadmitted to or compressed on one side of the main piston to effect an exhaust of the steam or other motive fluid from the other side of the piston when the pressure of the fluid which is being admitted or compressed is in excess of the pressure of the fluid on the other side of the piston. The independent exhaust-passages are preferably so located that their inner ends, or the ports through which they-open into the main cylinder, are in position to be coveredby the pressures in the opposite ends of the cylinder.

.In the construction shown in- Fig. 1 the main motor-cylinder 1 is provided with the usual admission ports orpassages 2 and 3 and with'an exhaust port or passage 4, and

the distribution of fluid is controlled by the slide-valve 5, which is operated by the move ment of the stem 6. The valve-casin g is not shown in place, but in this respect and in the construction and relation oi? the valve 5 and ports 2, 3, and 4 the motor may be similar to any of the usual forms.

In addition to the usual passages for draining the cylinder of water of condensation I employ the independent exhaust-ports 8 and 9, which open into themain cylinder 1 at some distance from its opposite ends and communicate with piston-chambers 10 and 11., which are formed in a casing 12, secured to the main cylinder. The chamberslO and 11 are closed at their outer ends by caps 14c and 15, and communicate with the ends of the main cylinder through the small passages 16 and 17. v v

Piston-valves 18 and 19 are fitted in the chambers 10 and 11 and aye connected together by means of arod.20, so that the two pistons will move together. Pistons or cylin drical extensions 22 and 23 on the pistonvalves 18 and 19 fit into and are adapted to slide in the chambers 24. and 25, formed in the caps 14 and 15.

I The piston-valves 18 and 19 control the independent exhaust-passages 8 and 9 and are actuated by .fluid from the main cylinder, which is admitted through the small passages 16 and 17 to the chambers 10 and 11 outside of the beveled outer ends of the piston-valves l8 and 19.

When the parts are in the positions shown in the drawings, the steam on the left of the piston 7 will be exhausted through the ports 2 and 4 and through the independent exhaustport 8, and live steam will be admit-ted through the port 3 to one end of the main cylinder and through the passage 17tothechamber 11,.where it will act on the piston-valve 19 of the main piston, which is admitted tothe chamber through the passage 16. The passage 9 is closed by the main piston and by the piston-valve 19. The passage Sis opened by the piston-valve 1 8, and the steam and water of condensation on the left of the main piston is escaping through the passage 8,

chamber or space 30, and passage 21, and steam is exhausting through the ports 2 and 4:.

In Fig.9 I have shown the auxiliary exhaust-passage 9 connecting with a branch passage'i), which opens into the main cylinder at a point nearer to the cylinder-head .than

the inner end of the passage 9, and provide a plug-valve 31,'which may be turned into position to connect the passage 9 with the inner end of the passage 9 and with the chamber 11 and to cut off communication between --the inner and outer ends of the passage 9.

By this means the time of closing the passage 9 by the movement of the main piston 7 may be regulated. It will be understood that such a construction may be employed ateach end of the cylinder and that the plug-valve 31 may be employed to control any number of passages leading from the interior of the cylinder in position to have theirinner ends closed by the main piston and to be separately connected with the auxiliary exhaust-passage, which opens into the chamber 10 or 11.

My improvement is not limited in its application to a motor having a single distributionvalve, as shown in the drawings, but is adaptvice will then constitute the main exhaustvalve device.

It will. be seen that when either of the exhaust-passages 8 or 9 is open to the space 30 and passage 21 there will be a free passage for the discharge of water of condensation from that end of the main cylinder with which the open passage connects, and a more limited discharge of water of condensation may at the same time take place from the opposite end of the maincylinder through the passage 17, chamber 11, and groove 29.0r through the passage 16, chamber 10, and groove 28.

In horizontal engines the ports 8 and 9 and the auxiliary exhaust-valve device are preferably located, as shown, on the lower side of the main cylinder in order to provide formore perfect drainage and to prevent leakage around the piston through the ports 8 and 9 when covered by the piston 7. l

I claim as mytinvention and desire to secure by 'Letters Patent- 1. In a fluid-pressure motor, the combina' tion, with a cylinder and piston, of a main valve, or valves, controlling the admission of fluid to the cylinder, an independent valve device-actuated by fluid admitted to the cylinder by the main valve, or valves, and controlling passages other thanthe usual drainage or relief passages for releasing-fluid from the cylinder, and means for closing the passages before the piston reaches the end of its stroke, substantially as set forth.

2. In a fluid-pressure motor, the combination, with a cylinder and piston, of a 'main valve, or valves, controlling admission of fluid to the cylinder, and an independent valve device, for exhausting motor fluid from the cylinder through a passage,- or passages, other than the usual drainage or relief passages, and which is actuated by the difference in pressures in the opposite ends of the main cylinder, the partsbeing arranged so that the independent valve device may be shifted by fluid-pressure before the piston reaches the end of its stroke, substantially as set forth.

3. In a fluid-pressure motor, the combination, with a cylinder-and piston of a main distribution valve, or valves, controlling the admission and exhaust of fluid to and from the cylinder and an independent or auxiliary valve device, which is actuated by thezdifference-in pressures in the opposite ends of the cylinder, for exhausting motive fluid'from the cylinder through a passage, or passages, other than the usual drainage or relief pas sages whereby the exhaust of fluid from the cylinder is modified in accordance with variations in the cut-0E of the admission and release of fluid by the main valve, substantially as set forth.

4. In a fluid'pressure motor, the c mbination, with a cylinder. and piston, of a main distribution valve, or valves, controlling the admission and exhaust of fluid to and from the cylinder, an independent auxiliary valve device for releasing fluid from the cylinder through a passage or passages otherthan the usual drainage or relief passages, which is actuated by the difference in pressures in the opposite ends of the cylinder, and means for cushioning, or preventing shock by the move- 1 ment of the auxiliary-valve device as it approaches the end of its stroke in either direction, substantially as set forth.

5.v In a fluid-pressure motor, the combination, with a cylinder, a piston, anda main distribution-valve mechanism, of an auxiliary valve device for releasing fluid from the cylinder through a passage, or passages, other than the usual drainage or-relief passages,

which is subjected to the opposing pressures of the fluid admitted to the opposite ends of the cylinder by the main distribution-valve, and which is adapted to be moved by the pressure in one end of the cylinder to open a port in the opposite end of the cylinder beforethe piston reaches the end of its stroke, substantially as set forth. 1

6. In a'fluid-pressure motor, the combination, with a cylinder, a piston, and a distribution-valve mechanism, of a main exhaust e I eee,se7

passage, an auxiliary exhaust-passage near one end of the cylinder, in position to he covered by the piston before reaching the end posit'e ends of the cylinder to the opposite sides of the valve device, whereby the Valve device is exposed to and adapted to be operated by the pressures in the opposite endeofthe cylinder, :i'hd means whereby the valve device may he 'iocked in position to close the euxiliei'y eXheust-pessages, substantially is set; forth. v

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set uy 'hand.

HENRY HERMAN WESTINGHOUSE.

Witnesses:

F. E. GAITHER, T. J. HOGAN. 

